We measured reproductive and population parameters of adult sand flies, Phlebotomus papatasi (Scopoli, 1786) (Diptera: Psychodidae), in environmental chambers maintained at temperatures of 15, 18, 20, 25, 28, and 32° C. Based on cohorts of adults at each temperature regime, horizontal life tables were constructed using established laboratory colonies initiated from specimens collected in Sanliurfa Province, southeastern Anatolia, Turkey. The fecundity and longevity of the insects were both highly variable, depending on the temperature. At 15° C, all of the cohort females died before laying eggs, so the construction of a life table for this temperature regime was not possible. Within a range of 18 to 32° C, the longevity of adult P. papatasi increased as the temperature decreased; at 15° C, the mean survival times of females and males were 19.04±6.94 days (9–35) and 17.84±7.11 days (9–33), respectively. While the highest number of eggs was found in the cohort at 28° C (44.08±7.79), this was only 3.60±1.55 in the cohort at 32° C and 2.8±0.9 in the cohort at 18° C. This result showed that extreme temperatures negatively affect the fecundity of this species. The cohort reared at 28° C exhibited the highest intrinsic rates of population increase (r_m) for P. papatasi. The r_m ranged from 0.098 at 28° C to 0.007 at 18° C. The cohort placed at 28° C was found to be significantly different (P<0.01) from the other cohorts producing the fewest progeny in terms of net reproductive rate, R₀, (15.87). The values for mean generation time (T) were estimated to vary from 36 days to 271 days depending on temperature. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) confirmed results from the previous studies that the cohort at 28° C orientated and clustered as a distinct group along the first two PCs.